What Is Conjunctivitis?
Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin transparent layer that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids. It is commonly known as “red eye”.
Conjunctivitis is very common and can affect people of all ages. It is usually mild but can be uncomfortable and, in some cases, contagious. Prompt recognition helps reduce symptoms and prevent spread.
What Causes Conjunctivitis?
Common causes include:
- Viral infections (most common)
- Bacterial infections
- Allergies (e.g. pollen, dust, pet dander)
- Irritants such as smoke, chemicals, or contact lenses
What Are the Common Symptoms of Conjunctivitis?
You may notice:
- Red or pink eye(s)
- Gritty or burning sensation
- Sticky discharge (yellow/green in bacterial cases)
- Watery eyes (more common in viral or allergic causes)
- Eyelids sticking together on waking
- Itching (especially with allergic conjunctivitis)
How Is Conjunctivitis Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is usually based on:
- Symptoms and duration
- Appearance of the eye and discharge
- Whether one or both eyes are affected
Online GP consultations can assess symptoms and eye appearance. In-person review may be needed if symptoms are severe, painful, or affecting vision.
How Long Does Conjunctivitis Last?
- Viral conjunctivitis: usually 1–2 weeks
- Bacterial conjunctivitis: often improves within a few days with treatment
- Allergic conjunctivitis: may persist while exposure continues
Recovery time varies depending on cause and treatment.
Is Conjunctivitis Contagious?
Yes, viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are contagious.
- Spread occurs through hand-to-eye contact or shared items
- Good hand hygiene and avoiding touching the eyes reduces spread
Allergic conjunctivitis is not contagious.
How to Feel Better and Recover Quickly
Self-Care at Home:
- Wash hands regularly and avoid touching the eyes
- Clean away discharge gently with clean cotton and warm water
- Avoid contact lenses until symptoms resolve
- Do not share towels, pillows, or eye makeup
- Use cool compresses for comfort
Treatment from a GP:
- Antibiotic eye drops or ointment if bacterial infection is suspected
- Antihistamine or anti-inflammatory drops for allergic conjunctivitis
- Advice on infection control and symptom relief
When Referral Is Needed:
- Persistent or recurrent conjunctivitis
- Reduced vision or significant eye pain
- Contact lens wearers with suspected infection
When to Seek Urgent Medical Help
Seek urgent medical attention in A&E or urgent care if:
- Severe eye pain or light sensitivity
- Sudden changes or loss of vision
- Increasing redness with swelling around the eye
- Symptoms following eye injury or chemical exposure
- New symptoms in newborn babies
How Dr.Online UK Can Help
We offer:
- Same-day online GP appointments
- Assessment and advice for conjunctivitis
- Private prescriptions for eye drops if appropriate
- Fit notes or referral letters if needed
