Index
What is Hayfever?
Hayfever, also called allergic rhinitis, is an allergic reaction affecting the nose and eyes. The immune system overreacts to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or mould, causing inflammation inside the nose and irritation of the eyes or throat. It can be seasonal or year-round and may affect sleep, work, concentration, and wellbeing.
What Causes Hayfever?
Pollen Allergies
- Tree pollen (spring)
- Grass pollen (late spring to summer)
- Weed pollen (late summer to early autumn)
Indoor Allergens
- Dust mites
- Pet dander
- Mould spores
Irritants
- Smoke
- Strong perfumes
- Pollution
Other Factors
- Family history of allergies
- Asthma or eczema
- Weather changes
What Are the Common Symptoms of Hayfever?
- Sneezing
- Blocked or runny nose
- Itchy or watery eyes
- Itchy nose, throat, or ears
- Post-nasal drip
- Cough
- Facial pressure or mild headache
- Fatigue due to poor sleep
How Is Hayfever / Allergic Rhinitis Diagnosed?
A GP will assess symptoms, triggers, and medical history. Online consultations can:
- Identify likely allergens
- Provide treatment advice
- Prescribe medications if appropriate
In-person assessment may be needed if:
- Symptoms persist despite treatment
- Sinus infections are suspected
- Eye symptoms are severe
- Asthma is affected
Possible tests include:
- Allergy blood tests
- Skin prick tests
- Sinus imaging if complications are suspected
How Long Does Hayfever / Allergic Rhinitis Last?
Seasonal hayfever lasts during the specific pollen season. Year-round allergic rhinitis may persist indefinitely unless allergens are controlled.
How to Feel Better and Recover Quickly
Self-Care at Home
- Avoid known triggers where possible
- Keep windows closed during high pollen counts
- Take regular showers and wash clothes after being outdoors
- Use saline nasal sprays
- Wear wraparound sunglasses outside
- Use air purifiers indoors
Treatment from a GP
- Antihistamines (non-drowsy options)
- Steroid nasal sprays
- Short-term decongestants
- Eye drops for itchy, watery eyes
- Leukotriene receptor antagonists
- Asthma management if needed
When Referral Is Needed
- Persistent severe symptoms
- Consideration for immunotherapy (desensitisation)
- Structural nasal issues suspected
- Uncertain diagnosis
When to Seek Urgent Medical Help
Go to A&E or call 999 if:
- Difficulty breathing or wheezing
- Severe swelling of face, lips, or throat
- Signs of anaphylaxis (dizziness, collapse, widespread rash)
- Sudden worsening of asthma symptoms
Use urgent care instead of online GP services if:
- Symptoms are severe and not improving with treatment
- Persistent sinus pain, fever, or thick nasal discharge
- Sleep or daily activities are significantly affected
- Worsening eye symptoms (pain, vision changes)
How Dr.Online UK Can Help
- Same-day online GP appointments
- Assessment of symptoms and trigger
- Private prescriptions including nasal sprays, antihistamines, and eye drops
- Fit notes if required
- Referral letters to allergy or ENT specialists
- Personalised advice on managing symptoms
