Insect Bites and Stings

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What Are Insect Bites and Stings?

Insect bites and stings occur when insects pierce the skin to feed or inject venom as a defence mechanism. Common causes include mosquitoes, midges, fleas, bedbugs, bees, wasps, ants, and spiders.

Most insect bites and stings are mild and cause temporary discomfort, but some people may experience more pronounced reactions or infection, particularly children, those with allergies, or people with weakened immune systems.

What Causes Insect Bites and Stings?

They are caused by:

• Biting insects feeding on blood (e.g. mosquitoes, fleas, bedbugs)
• Stinging insects injecting venom (e.g. bees, wasps)
• Skin reactions to insect saliva or venom
• Increased exposure during warm weather or outdoor activities

What Are the Common Symptoms of Insect Bites and Stings?

You may notice:

• Redness and swelling at the site
• Itching or burning sensation
• Pain or tenderness (more common with stings)
• A small visible puncture mark
• Occasionally blistering or localised rash

How Are Insect Bites and Stings Diagnosed?

Diagnosis is usually based on:

• History of exposure (outdoors, pets, travel)
• Appearance and location of the bite or sting
• Associated symptoms such as itching or pain

Online GP consultations can assess the appearance and advise on treatment. In-person review may be needed if symptoms are severe, spreading, or infected.

How Long Do Insect Bites and Stings Last?

• Most settle within a few days
• Swelling or redness may last up to 1–2 weeks
• Healing time depends on the type of insect, scratching, and individual sensitivity

Are Insect Bites and Stings Contagious?

No. Insect bites and stings are not contagious and cannot be passed from person to person.

How to Feel Better and Recover Quickly

Self-Care at Home:

• Wash the area with soap and water
• Apply a cold compress to reduce swelling
• Avoid scratching to prevent infection
• Use oral antihistamines or soothing creams (e.g. calamine) if needed
• Remove any visible sting promptly by scraping it off (do not squeeze)

Treatment from a GP:

• Prescribed antihistamines or steroid creams for significant swelling or itching
• Antibiotics if there are signs of secondary infection
• Advice for recurrent or severe reactions

When Referral Is Needed:

• Repeated severe reactions
• Suspected allergic responses requiring specialist input
• Unclear or atypical skin reactions

When to Seek Urgent Medical Help

Seek urgent medical attention in A&E or call emergency services if:

• Difficulty breathing, wheezing, or throat tightness
• Swelling of the lips, tongue, face, or eyes
• Dizziness, collapse, or widespread rash
• Rapidly spreading redness, severe pain, or fever suggesting infection

How Dr.Online UK Can Help

We offer:

• Same-day online GP appointments
• Assessment and advice for insect bites and stings
• Prescriptions for antihistamines or creams if appropriate
• Fit notes or referral letters if needed

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